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| Skala Kesedaran Penuh Toronto (TMS)× | Kuesioner Kesadaran Lima Dimensi (FFMQ)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Kesedaran Penuh | Psikologi Kesedaran Penuh |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal | 2006 | 2006 |
| Pengasas≠ | Zindel V. Segal, Mark A. Lau, and colleagues at the University of Toronto | Ruth A. Baer, Greg T. Smith, and colleagues |
| Jenis | Self-report | Self-report |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Lau, M. A., Bishop, S. R., Segal, Z. V., Buis, T., Anderson, N. D., Carlson, L., ... & Devins, G. (2006). The Toronto Mindfulness Scale: Development and validation of a state measure of mindfulness. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(12), 1445-1467. DOI ↗ | Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13(1), 27-45. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | TMS, TMS-13 | FFMQ, FFMQ-39 |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS) is a 13-item self-report instrument uniquely designed to measure state mindfulness—the immediate, transient quality of mindful awareness during or immediately following a meditation session. Developed by Zindel V. Segal, Mark A. Lau, and colleagues at the University of Toronto and published in the Journal of Clinical Psychology in 2006, the TMS captures two core dimensions of state mindfulness: Curiosity and Decentering. Unlike trait measures (FFMQ, FMI) which assess habitual mindfulness, the TMS provides moment-to-moment assessment and has become essential in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and contemplative neuroscience research. | The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a 39-item self-report instrument designed to measure trait mindfulness across five distinct dimensions: Observing, Describing, Acting with Awareness, Non-judging of Inner Experience, and Non-reactivity to Inner Experience. Developed by Baer and colleagues in 2006 and published in Assessment, the FFMQ has become one of the most widely used multidimensional mindfulness measures in research and clinical practice, applicable to both meditation practitioners and general populations. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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