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| Skala Keterlibatan Pelajar× | Skala Rasa Memiliki (Sense of Belonging Scale)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Pendidikan | Psikologi Pendidikan |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2004 | 1993 |
| Pengasas≠ | Jennifer Fredricks, Phyllis Blumenfeld, Alison Paris | Carol Goodenow |
| Jenis≠ | Multidimensional engagement assessment | School belonging perception scale |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Fredricks, J. A., Blumenfeld, P. C., & Paris, A. H. (2004). School engagement: Potential of the concept, state of the evidence. Review of Educational Research, 74(1), 59-109. DOI ↗ | Goodenow, C. (1993). Classroom belonging among early adolescent students: relationships to motivation and achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence, 13(1), 21-43. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | SES, Academic Engagement Measure | SOBS, School Belonging Measure |
| Berkaitan | 4 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Student Engagement Scale (SES) measures the extent to which students are actively involved in academic and social aspects of school or university life. Grounded in Fredricks et al.'s multidimensional framework, the instrument assesses behavioral engagement (participation, attendance, effort), emotional engagement (interest, belonging, enthusiasm), and cognitive engagement (mental effort, deep thinking, persistence). High engagement is consistently associated with better learning outcomes and well-being. | The Sense of Belonging Scale (SOBS) measures students' perceptions of their connectedness and acceptance within the school community. Developed by Goodenow (1993), it assesses whether students feel valued, included, and connected to peers and teachers. Sense of belonging is a critical psychological need and a powerful predictor of academic motivation, engagement, mental health, and persistence, particularly for students from underrepresented groups. |
| ScholarGateSet data ↗ |
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