Bandingkan kaedah

	Analisis Mediasi Bermoderasi yang Kukuh	Analisis Laluan Teguh
Bidang	Statistik	Statistik
Keluarga	Latent structure	Latent structure
Tahun asal	2007–2013	1998
Pengasas	Hayes, A. F.; building on Preacher, Rucker & Hayes (2007) for moderated mediation and robust bootstrap inference	Yuan & Bentler (robust SEM/path framework); Huber (M-estimation foundation)
Jenis	Conditional indirect effect model with robust inference	Causal path modeling with robust estimation
Sumber perintis	Hayes, A. F. (2022). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach (3rd ed.). Guilford Press. ISBN: 978-1462549030	Yuan, K.-H. & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Robust mean and covariance structure analysis. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 51(1), 63–88.
Alias	robust conditional process analysis, robust mediated moderation, robust moderated indirect effects, robust conditional indirect effects	robust PA, path analysis with robust standard errors, robust causal path modeling, robust structural path modeling
Berkaitan	5	6
Ringkasan	Robust moderated mediation tests whether the indirect effect of X on Y through a mediator M varies as a function of a moderator W, while using robust estimation (percentile or bias-corrected bootstrap, heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors, or M-estimation) to protect inference against non-normality, outliers, and heteroscedasticity in the data.	Robust path analysis applies robust estimation — such as sandwich standard errors or M-estimation — to path models that specify directed causal relationships among observed variables. It preserves valid inference about path coefficients and indirect effects when data violate normality, contain outliers, or exhibit heteroscedasticity that would distort conventional standard errors.