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| Ujian Had ARDL Teguh untuk Kointegrasi× | Ujian Ko-integrasi Johansen dan Model Pembetulan Ralat Vektor× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang≠ | Ekonometrik | Kewangan |
| Keluarga | Regression model | Regression model |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2019 | 1991 |
| Pengasas≠ | Sam, McNown & Goh | Søren Johansen |
| Jenis≠ | Cointegration test | Multivariate cointegration / vector error correction model |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Sam, C. Y., McNown, R., & Goh, S. K. (2019). An augmented autoregressive distributed lag bounds test for cointegration. Economic Modelling, 80, 130-141. DOI ↗ | Johansen, S. (1991). Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models. Econometrica, 59(6), 1551-1580. DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | Robust ARDL, Robust bounds testing approach, Sam-McNown-Goh bounds test, Bootstrap ARDL bounds test | Johansen test, VECM, vector error correction model, multivariate cointegration |
| Berkaitan | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Robust ARDL bounds test is an augmented version of the Pesaran-Shin-Smith (2001) ARDL bounds testing approach that resolves its two key weaknesses: size distortion under mixed integration orders and the degenerate-case problem. It introduces three separate test statistics — an overall F-test and two new Wald statistics for the dependent and independent variables — evaluated against bootstrap-generated critical values. | The Johansen procedure is a multivariate cointegration framework, introduced by Søren Johansen in 1991, that tests for long-run equilibrium relationships among several I(1) time series. It determines how many cointegrating vectors link the series and then builds a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to describe the short-run dynamics around that equilibrium. |
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