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	Regresi Bahaya Berkadaran Cox Retrospektif	Regresi Bahaya Berkadaran Cox
Bidang	Epidemiologi	Epidemiologi
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1972	1972
Pengasas	David R. Cox	Sir David Roxbee Cox
Jenis	Semi-parametric survival regression	Semi-parametric regression model
Sumber perintis	Cox, D. R. (1972). Regression models and life-tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B, 34(2), 187–220.	Cox, D. R. (1972). Regression models and life-tables. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological), 34(2), 187–202.
Alias	Cox PH regression (retrospective), retrospective Cox survival model, retrospective hazard regression, Cox model on historical data	Cox regression, Cox PH model, proportional hazards model, CPH
Berkaitan	5	5
Ringkasan	Retrospective Cox proportional hazards regression applies Cox's (1972) semi-parametric survival model to time-to-event data extracted from existing records — medical charts, administrative databases, registries, or biobanks. It estimates covariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) without specifying the underlying baseline hazard, making it the dominant analytic tool when the investigator works backward from already-recorded outcomes and exposures.	The Cox proportional hazards model is a semi-parametric regression method that estimates the effect of one or more covariates on the hazard — the instantaneous rate of an event such as death, relapse, or failure — while making no assumption about the shape of the baseline hazard function. Introduced by David Cox in 1972, it is the dominant tool for multivariable survival analysis in clinical and epidemiological research.