Bandingkan kaedah

	Simulasi Monte Carlo dengan Data Hilang	Imputasi Berganda
Bidang	Bayesian	Statistik
Keluarga	Bayesian methods	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1987–2002	1987
Pengasas	Rubin, D. B. / Little, R. J. A.	Donald B. Rubin
Jenis	Simulation-based estimation	Missing-data handling procedure
Sumber perintis	Little, R. J. A. & Rubin, D. B. (2002). Statistical Analysis with Missing Data (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471183860	Rubin, D.B. (1987). Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. Wiley.
Alias	MC simulation missing data, Monte Carlo imputation, simulation-based missing data analysis, stochastic simulation with incomplete data	MICE, Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations, Çoklu Atama (Multiple Imputation — MICE)
Berkaitan	6	1
Ringkasan	Monte Carlo simulation with missing data combines stochastic simulation — drawing random values from probability distributions — with principled missing-data strategies such as multiple imputation. Instead of discarding incomplete records or substituting a single fill-in value, the method generates many simulated complete datasets, runs the target analysis on each, and pools the results to yield estimates that honestly reflect both sampling uncertainty and uncertainty due to missingness.	Multiple Imputation (MI), formally introduced by Donald B. Rubin in 1987, is a principled statistical procedure for handling missing data. Rather than replacing each missing value once, MI fills the gaps m times — each time drawing plausible values from the posterior predictive distribution of the missing data — producing m complete datasets. Each dataset is analysed independently, and the results are combined into a single set of estimates using Rubin's pooling rules. The MICE variant (Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations), popularised by van Buuren and Groothuis-Oudshoorn (2011), extends the approach to mixed variable types by imputing each variable in turn through a sequence of conditional regression models.