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| Skala Penilaian Persekitaran Kanak-kanak Awal, Edisi Ketiga (ECERS-3)× | Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Neonatologi | Neonatologi |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 2015 | 2000 |
| Pengasas≠ | Thelma Harms, Richard Clifford, Debby Cryer | J. Kevin Nugent |
| Jenis≠ | Observational-rated | Clinician-guided, parent-focused |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Harms, T., Clifford, R. M., & Cryer, D. (2015). Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS-3) (3rd ed.). Teachers College Press. ISBN: 978-0807755662 | Nugent, J. K., Keefer, C. H., Minear, S., Johnson, L. C., & Blanchard, Y. (2007). Understanding Newborn Behavior and Early Relationships: The Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) System Handbook. Brookes Publishing. ISBN: 978-1557665416 |
| Alias | ECERS-3, ECERS | NBO, Brazelton NBO |
| Berkaitan | 3 | 3 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The ECERS-3 is a comprehensive observational rating scale assessing the quality of early childhood education and care environments for preschool-age children (ages 3–5 years, or ages 2.5–5.5 years). Developed by Harms, Clifford, and Cryer (2015), it evaluates classroom environment, materials, interactions, and practices across 35 items grouped into six domains: Space and Furnishings, Personal Care Routines, Language and Literacy, Learning Activities, Interaction, and Program Structure. The ECERS-3 is the most widely used instrument for assessing early childhood program quality and has become the standard for child care licensing, accreditation, and quality improvement research. | The NBO is a brief, observation-based system designed to illuminate newborn behavioral competencies and individual differences for parents and healthcare providers. Developed by J. Kevin Nugent and colleagues as a companion to the longer Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS), the NBO uses 18 key behavioral observations to characterize newborn strengths and to guide parent education about infant cues, state regulation, and social capabilities. Unlike the NBAS, the NBO does not generate numerical scores but instead provides qualitative, parent-centered interpretation emphasizing infant strengths and readiness to interact. |
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