Bandingkan kaedah

	Penyelidikan Tindakan	Penyelidikan Tindakan Pendidikan
Bidang	Penyelidikan Kualitatif	Kaedah Lapangan
Keluarga	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Tahun asal	1946	1940s (Lewin); educational context developed 1970s–1980s
Pengasas	Kurt Lewin; expanded by Kemmis, McTaggart, Reason & Bradbury	Kurt Lewin (action research foundations); Lawrence Stenhouse and John Elliott (educational adaptation)
Jenis	Method	Participatory qualitative research design
Sumber perintis	Lewin, K. (1946). Action research and minority problems. Journal of Social Issues, 2(4), 34–46.	Elliott, J. (1991). Action Research for Educational Change. Open University Press. ISBN: 978-0335096190
Alias	Participatory Action Research, PAR, Collaborative Inquiry	EAR, practitioner research, teacher action research, classroom action research
Berkaitan	1	6
Ringkasan	Action research is a collaborative research methodology in which researchers work with practitioners and community members to investigate a problem, implement change, and evaluate outcomes, cycling through reflection, action, and learning. Developed by Kurt Lewin (1946), action research bridges research and practice, aiming simultaneously to produce knowledge and practical improvement.	Educational action research is a cyclical, practitioner-led inquiry method in which educators systematically investigate a problem or opportunity in their own classroom or school, implement a change, observe its effects, and reflect on findings to guide the next cycle. Rooted in Kurt Lewin's action research framework and developed for educational contexts by Lawrence Stenhouse and John Elliott, it bridges the gap between educational theory and classroom practice by making teachers agents of rigorous inquiry.