手法を比較

	ゼロ知識証明	デジタル署名方式
分野	暗号学	暗号学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1985	1978
提唱者	Shafi Goldwasser, Silvio Micali, Charles Rackoff	Ronald Rivest, Adi Shamir, Leonard Adleman
種類	Cryptographic authentication and verification	Asymmetric signature algorithm
原典	Goldwasser, S., Micali, S., & Rackoff, C. (1985). The knowledge complexity of interactive proof systems. SIAM Journal on Computing, 18(1), 186–208.	Rivest, R. L., Shamir, A., & Adleman, L. (1978). A method for obtaining digital signatures and public-key cryptosystems. Communications of the ACM, 21(2), 120–126.
別名	ZK Proof, Interactive Proof System, Non-interactive ZK Proof	Digital Signature Algorithm, Message Authentication and Integrity, Public Key Signature
関連	3	4
概要	A zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic protocol in which a prover can convince a verifier that a statement is true without revealing any additional information beyond the truth of the statement. Introduced by Goldwasser, Micali, and Rackoff in 1985, zero-knowledge proofs have profound applications in authentication, privacy-preserving verification, and blockchain systems.	A digital signature scheme provides authentication, integrity assurance, and non-repudiation of electronically signed documents. Using public-key cryptography (such as RSA, DSA, or ECDSA), the originator signs a message with a private key in a way that any recipient can verify the signature using the originator's public key, proving that the message was created by the claimed author and has not been tampered with.