手法を比較
選択した手法を並べて確認できます。異なる行はハイライト表示されます。
| 健康経済学における支払意思額（WTP）× | 費用対効果分析 (CEA)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 医療経済学 | 医療経済学 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1980s | 1984 |
| 提唱者≠ | Carson & Louviere (stated preference/contingent valuation methods) | Drummond & Stoddart (Health Economics Research Group, McMaster University) |
| 種類 | Method | Method |
| 原典≠ | Carson, R. T., & Louviere, J. J. (2011). A Common Nomenclature for Stated Choice Studies. In S. Hess & A. Daly (Eds.), Choice Modelling: The State of the Art and the State of Practice. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. link ↗ | Gold, M. R., Siegel, J. E., Russell, L. B., & Weinstein, M. C. (Eds.). (1996). Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. New York: Oxford University Press. link ↗ |
| 別名 | WTP, contingent valuation, stated preference method | CEA, ICER, Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio |
| 関連 | 5 | 5 |
| 概要≠ | Willingness to pay (WTP) is an economic valuation method that elicits what individuals or society are willing to spend for a health benefit or to avoid a health risk. Rooted in contingent valuation (Carson & Louviere, 1980s), WTP is used to monetize health outcomes for cost-benefit analysis and to infer implicit cost-effectiveness thresholds from actual healthcare spending patterns. Unlike revealed preference (observing actual spending behavior), WTP uses stated preferences—surveys asking respondents: 'How much would you pay for this health improvement?' | Cost-effectiveness analysis compares the incremental cost per unit of health benefit gained by one intervention relative to a comparator (standard care or best alternative). Developed rigorously in the 1980s by Drummond, Stoddart, and colleagues, CEA is now the standard framework for technology appraisal globally. NICE, HAS, CADTH, and other health technology assessment bodies use CEA to decide which treatments warrant public funding and at what price. |
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