手法を比較

	Urban Heat Island Analysis	Urban Form Morphometrics
分野	Urban Studies	Urban Studies
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1982	2019
提唱者	Tim R. Oke (energetic basis of the UHI)	Quantitative urban-morphology tradition; momepy toolkit by Martin Fleischmann
種類	Measurement of the temperature excess of urban areas relative to their rural surroundings	Systematic quantitative measurement of urban form across buildings, plots, blocks, and streets
原典	Oke, T. R. (1982). The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 108(455), 1–24.	Fleischmann, M. (2019). momepy: Urban Morphology Measuring Toolkit. Journal of Open Source Software, 4(43), 1807.
別名	UHI Analysis, Urban Heat Island Intensity, Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) Analysis, Land Surface Temperature Differential	Urban Morphometrics, Quantitative Urban Morphology, Morphometric Analysis of Urban Form, Built-Form Morphometrics
関連	4	4
概要	Urban heat island (UHI) analysis quantifies how much warmer cities are than the rural land around them, a difference driven by impervious surfaces, reduced vegetation, waste heat, and street-canyon geometry that traps radiation. The intensity of the effect is defined simply as the urban-minus-rural temperature differential, a framework given its physical, energy-balance foundation by Tim Oke in 1982. Modern analysis increasingly maps the surface UHI from thermal satellite imagery, converting radiance to brightness temperature and then to land surface temperature so the heat island can be observed continuously across an entire metropolitan area rather than at a few weather stations.	Urban form morphometrics is the systematic, quantitative measurement of the physical form of cities — the dimensions, shapes, spatial arrangement, intensity, and connectivity of buildings, plots, blocks, and streets. Rather than describing morphology in words, it computes hundreds of reproducible numerical characters on each morphological element and its local context, turning the qualitative tradition of urban morphology into a measurable science. The open-source momepy toolkit, introduced by Martin Fleischmann in 2019, standardized this workflow, building a morphological tessellation from building footprints and computing dimension, shape, distribution, intensity, and connectivity characters at scale.