手法を比較

	トークンバケットレート制限アルゴリズム	衝突回避型キャリアセンス多重アクセス (CSMA/CA)	DiffServ（Differentiated Services）
分野	通信工学	通信工学	通信工学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1986	1990	1998
提唱者	Jon Turner	Phil Karn	IETF DiffServ Working Group
種類	rate limiting algorithm	random access protocol	QoS architecture
原典	Turner, J. S. (1986). New directions in communications (or which way to the information age?). IEEE Communications Magazine, 24(10), 8-15.	Karn, P. (1990). MACA—a new channel access method for packet radio. In Proceedings of the ARRL/CRRL Amateur Radio 9th Computer Networking Conference, 134-140.	Blake, S., Black, D., Carlson, M., et al. (1998). An Architecture for Differentiated Services. RFC 2475.
別名	traffic shaping, rate limiting	medium access control, WiFi MAC	quality of service, QoS architecture
関連	2	3	3
概要	Token bucket is a simple and elegant algorithm for traffic shaping and rate limiting. A virtual bucket accumulates tokens at a fixed rate (the committed information rate). Incoming packets consume tokens (one token per byte); packets are transmitted only if sufficient tokens are available. If the bucket is full, excess tokens are discarded (no carry-over). Token bucket bounds peak rate and allows controlled bursts, making it ideal for traffic management in networks.	CSMA/CA is a random access protocol for wireless medium access control, designed to enable multiple devices to share a wireless channel while minimizing collisions. Introduced by Phil Karn in 1990, it is the foundation of WiFi (IEEE 802.11) and is now the de facto standard for unlicensed spectrum access. CSMA/CA combines carrier sensing (listen before transmit) with collision avoidance (RTS/CTS handshake) to improve channel efficiency and fairness, avoiding the efficiency loss of pure random access (Aloha).	DiffServ is a QoS architecture providing scalable, class-based service differentiation in networks. Introduced by IETF (1998), DiffServ marks packets with a Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) in the IP header, enabling routers to apply per-hop-behaviors (PHBs) based on markings. Unlike IntServ (which reserves resources per-flow), DiffServ is stateless and scalable to Internet scale. DiffServ remains the primary QoS mechanism in ISP and enterprise networks.