手法を比較

	Theil Segregation Index	Gini Coefficient
分野	Sociology	Sociology
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1971	1912
提唱者	Henri Theil & Anthony Finizza	Corrado Gini
種類	Entropy-based multigroup segregation index	Scalar measure of statistical dispersion / inequality
原典	Theil, H., & Finizza, A. J. (1971). A note on the measurement of racial integration of schools by means of informational concepts. Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1(2), 187–193.	Ceriani, L., & Verme, P. (2012). The origins of the Gini index: extracts from Variabilità e Mutabilità (1912) by Corrado Gini. The Journal of Economic Inequality, 10(3), 421–443.
別名	Theil's H, information theory index, entropy segregation index, multigroup entropy index	Gini index, Gini ratio, Gini concentration ratio, G
関連	5	5
概要	Theil's information index, denoted H, is an entropy-based measure of segregation that, unlike the two-group dissimilarity index, handles any number of groups at once. It compares the diversity (entropy) found within each unit to the diversity of the whole population: segregation is high when units are internally homogeneous even though the overall population is diverse. Its defining virtue is exact decomposability across nested levels and across groups.	The Gini coefficient is the most widely used single-number summary of inequality in a distribution such as income or wealth. Introduced by the Italian statistician Corrado Gini in 1912, it equals twice the area between the Lorenz curve and the line of perfect equality, ranging from 0 when everyone has the same amount to a maximum approaching 1 when one unit holds everything.