手法を比較

	テクスト批評 ― 正統的なテクストの再構築と確立	テクストの解釈学的理解
分野	フィールド調査法	フィールド調査法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Antiquity; modern systematic method c. 1850s (Lachmann)	19th–20th century (Schleiermacher ~1819; Dilthey ~1883; Gadamer 1960; Ricoeur 1969)
提唱者	Classical philologists (Karl Lachmann foremost in systematic method)	Friedrich Schleiermacher; Wilhelm Dilthey; Hans-Georg Gadamer; Paul Ricoeur
種類	Humanistic / philological research method	Qualitative interpretive method
原典	West, M. L. (1973). Textual Criticism and Editorial Technique Applicable to Greek and Latin Texts. Teubner. ISBN: 978-3519074014	Gadamer, H.-G. (1975). Truth and Method (G. Barden & J. Cumming, Trans.). Seabury Press. (Original work published 1960 as Wahrheit und Methode). ISBN: 978-0826400185
別名	lower criticism, editorial criticism, philological criticism, manuscript criticism	hermeneutics, hermeneutical interpretation, interpretive hermeneutics, philosophical hermeneutics
関連	5	6
概要	Textual criticism is a systematic philological method for identifying, comparing, and evaluating variant readings across multiple manuscript or print witnesses of a text in order to reconstruct the most accurate version of the original — or the author's intended — text. Applied since antiquity to classical, biblical, and literary works, it remains the foundational editorial method in classical studies, biblical scholarship, medieval studies, and critical editing of literary works.	Hermeneutic analysis is a qualitative interpretive method for uncovering the meaning of texts, documents, spoken discourse, or human actions. Rooted in 19th-century biblical and legal scholarship and systematised by Schleiermacher, Dilthey, Gadamer, and Ricoeur, it operates through the hermeneutic circle: the meaning of a part is understood through the whole, and the meaning of the whole is revised as parts are interpreted. The goal is not to measure or code, but to achieve a deepening, dialogic understanding of the object of interpretation.