手法を比較

	Stepwise Migration Analysis	Migration Transition Analysis
分野	Migration Studies	Migration Studies
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1980	1971
提唱者	David Conway (clarifying Ravenstein's step-migration idea)	Wilbur Zelinsky
種類	Framework and sequence-reconstruction design for staged migration	Developmental staging framework linking modernization to mobility regimes
原典	Conway, D. (1980). Step-Wise Migration: Toward a Clarification of the Mechanism. International Migration Review, 14(1), 3-14.	Zelinsky, W. (1971). The Hypothesis of the Mobility Transition. Geographical Review, 61(2), 219-249.
別名	Step Migration Analysis, Stage Migration Analysis, Hierarchical Settlement Progression, Staged Migration Sequencing	Mobility Transition Analysis, Zelinsky Hypothesis Staging, Mobility Transition Hypothesis, Migration Phase Analysis
関連	3	3
概要	Stepwise migration analysis examines whether migrants reach their eventual destination in a single leap or by climbing the settlement hierarchy in stages — village to town, town to regional city, city to metropolis. The idea traces to Ravenstein's nineteenth-century 'laws of migration,' but it was David Conway who, in his 1980 International Migration Review article, clarified what the step-wise mechanism actually claims and how it should be studied, arguing that researchers must reconstruct the sequence of moves and identify the conditions prompting each step rather than merely observing that migrants end up in big cities. The analysis is fundamentally a research-design and sequencing exercise: places are ranked on a settlement hierarchy, individuals' migration histories are turned into trajectories of ranks, and those trajectories are classified as genuinely step-wise progressions or as direct moves that skip levels. Explaining why a migrant takes the next step upward draws on the broader migration mechanisms synthesized by Massey and colleagues in 1993 — information, social networks, accumulated resources, and opportunity structures — which together determine whether a stay at one rung is a stepping stone to the next. The framework remains the standard lens for studying staged rural-to-urban and internal migration.	Migration transition analysis applies Wilbur Zelinsky's 1971 hypothesis of the mobility transition, which holds that there are definite, patterned regularities in the growth of personal mobility through space and time and that these regularities are a basic component of the modernization process. Just as the demographic transition links falling birth and death rates to development, Zelinsky argued that societies pass through ordered phases — from a premodern traditional society with little movement, through early and late transitional phases marked by massive rural-to-urban and frontier and emigration flows, to advanced and superadvanced societies dominated by inter-urban and circular movement rather than permanent relocation. Each phase carries a characteristic mix of mobility types, so a society's stage can be read from the balance of rural-urban, frontier, international, and circular movement it exhibits. Massey and colleagues' 1993 review placed Zelinsky's framework among the macro-level accounts that connect migration to the structural transformation of economies. The analysis stages countries by their mobility profile and traces how that profile shifts as development proceeds, including the well-known migration hump in which emigration first rises and then falls with income. It supplies a developmental scaffolding for comparative migration research.