手法を比較

	空間的エントロピー・バランシング	空間的マッチング推定量
分野	因果推論	因果推論
系統	Regression model	Regression model
提唱年	2010s	2000s–2010s
提唱者	Extension of Hainmueller (2012) entropy balancing to spatial settings; spatial adaptations developed in geographic epidemiology and spatial econometrics literature	Extension of Abadie & Imbens (2006) matching estimator to spatial settings; geographic applications developed in urban/environmental econometrics literature
種類	Quasi-experimental reweighting	Quasi-experimental causal inference
原典	Hainmueller, J. (2012). Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects: A Multivariate Reweighting Method to Produce Balanced Samples in Observational Studies. Political Analysis, 20(1), 25-46.	Abadie, A., & Imbens, G. W. (2006). Large Sample Properties of Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects. Econometrica, 74(1), 235-267.
別名	spatial EB, geographically-weighted entropy balancing, spatial reweighting	geographic matching estimator, spatial nearest-neighbor matching, location-based matching estimator, spatially-weighted matching
関連	6	6
概要	Spatial entropy balancing extends standard entropy balancing to observational settings where units are embedded in geographic space, incorporating spatial structure into the reweighting process so that balance is achieved while respecting spatial proximity, clustering, or spillover dependencies between units.	The Spatial Matching Estimator estimates causal treatment effects by pairing each treated geographic unit with one or more similar untreated units nearby, exploiting the assumption that units close in space share similar unobserved characteristics. By restricting matches to a geographic neighbourhood or weighting by spatial proximity, the method controls for location-specific confounders that standard matching ignores.