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| 遮音等級× | 聴覚心理学的マスキング× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 音響学 | 音響学 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年 | 1961 | 1961 |
| 提唱者≠ | ASTM International | Eberhard Zwicker |
| 種類≠ | Building partition acoustic rating | Perceptual model for audio systems |
| 原典≠ | ASTM E413-16 (2016). Classification for Rating Sound Insulation. American Society for Testing and Materials. link ↗ | Zwicker, E., & Scharf, B. (1965). Psychoacoustics: Facts and Models. Springer-Verlag. ISBN: 978-3540631644 |
| 別名≠ | STC, sound transmission loss, acoustic isolation | masking, temporal masking, frequency masking, auditory masking |
| 関連 | 5 | 5 |
| 概要≠ | Sound Transmission Class (STC) is a single-number rating used to describe how well building elements (walls, doors, windows) reduce sound transmission between adjacent spaces. Standardized by ASTM International and ISO, STC is calculated from sound transmission loss (STL) measurements across the speech frequency range (125 Hz–4 kHz). It is the primary metric used in building codes, product specifications, and acoustic design to ensure privacy, noise control, and occupant comfort. | Psychoacoustic masking describes how the human auditory system suppresses the perception of weak sounds in the presence of stronger sounds. Formalized by Eberhard Zwicker in the 1960s, masking is a fundamental phenomenon in hearing and the basis for perceptual audio coding (MP3, AAC, OPUS). Masking occurs both in frequency (spectral masking) and time (temporal masking), and understanding these effects enables efficient audio compression and realistic sound design. |
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