手法を比較

	土壌呼吸測定	渦相関法
分野	農学	気象学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-20th century (chamber methods formalised ~1950s–1970s; automated systems ~1990s)	1951
提唱者	Multiple contributors	Swinbank
種類	Field measurement technique	Micrometeorological flux measurement
原典	Hanson, P. J., Edwards, N. T., Garten, C. T., & Andrews, J. A. (2000). Separating root and soil microbial contributions to soil respiration: A review of methods and observations. Biogeochemistry, 48(1), 115–146.	Baldocchi, D. (2003). Assessing the eddy covariance technique for evaluating carbon dioxide fluxes of ecosystems: past, present and future. Global Change Biology, 9(4), 479-492.
別名	soil CO2 efflux measurement, soil carbon flux measurement, belowground respiration measurement, soil surface CO2 flux measurement	Eddy covariance, EC flux, Eddy correlation, Direct flux measurement
関連	1	3
概要	Soil respiration measurement quantifies the rate at which CO2 is released from the soil surface to the atmosphere, integrating contributions from root respiration and microbial decomposition of organic matter. It is a fundamental technique in agronomy, ecology, and climate science, providing insight into belowground carbon cycling, soil biological activity, and ecosystem carbon balance. Measurements are typically made using static or dynamic chambers placed on the soil surface.	The eddy covariance method is a direct, micrometeorological technique that measures turbulent fluxes of momentum, heat, water vapor, and CO2 by computing the covariance between high-frequency fluctuations of wind velocity and scalar properties (temperature, humidity, concentration). It is the gold standard for measuring ecosystem-atmosphere exchanges and validating model parameterizations.