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	Sociophonetic Analysis	Variationist Sociolinguistics
分野	言語学	言語学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2006	1972
提唱者	Sociophoneticians (William Labov; Paul Foulkes; Erik R. Thomas)	William Labov
種類	Workflow correlating acoustic phonetic measurement with social factors	Quantitative field study of socially conditioned linguistic variation
原典	Foulkes, P., Scobbie, J. M., & Watt, D. (2010). Sociophonetics. In W. J. Hardcastle, J. Laver, & F. E. Gibbon (Eds.), The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences (2nd ed., pp. 703–754). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 9781405145909	Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic Patterns. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN: 9780812210521
別名	Sociophonetics, Sociophonetic Variation Analysis, Phonetic Variation Analysis	Variationist Analysis, Labovian Sociolinguistics, Quantitative Sociolinguistics
関連	4	4
概要	Sociophonetic analysis sits at the intersection of acoustic phonetics and variationist sociolinguistics. It applies the precise, quantitative measurement of phonetic variables — vowel formants, voice onset time (VOT), the spectral moments of /s/, and many others — to socially structured samples of speech, then correlates those measurements with social factors such as age, social class, gender, ethnicity, and region. The result is a fine-grained, statistically defensible account of how phonetic detail carries social meaning and how it patterns across communities and across time, increasingly built on large-scale, automated measurement.	Variationist sociolinguistics is the quantitative study of how linguistic variation is structured by social and linguistic factors. Pioneered by William Labov in the 1960s and 1970s, it treats alternative ways of saying the same thing — the 'linguistic variable' — as systematically conditioned by speaker characteristics (class, age, sex, ethnicity), stylistic context, and the surrounding linguistic environment, and it uses statistical modeling of natural speech to reveal the orderly heterogeneity beneath apparent randomness.