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	ソーシャルネットワーク分析	Structural Balance Theory
分野	ネットワーク分析	Sociology
系統	Machine learning	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1934 (sociometry); 1994 (modern formalization)	1946 (Heider); 1956 (Cartwright & Harary)
提唱者	Moreno, J.L.; formalized by Wasserman & Faust	Fritz Heider; formalized by Dorwin Cartwright & Frank Harary
種類	Structural/relational analysis framework	Theory and graph-theoretic test for tension in signed relationships
原典	Wasserman, S. & Faust, K. (1994). Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-38707-1	Cartwright, D., & Harary, F. (1956). Structural balance: a generalization of Heider's theory. Psychological Review, 63(5), 277–293.
別名	SNA, network analysis, sociometric analysis, relational analysis	balance theory, Heider balance, signed network balance, structural balance analysis
関連	5	5
概要	Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a structural method that maps and measures relationships and flows between people, groups, organizations, or other entities modeled as nodes connected by ties (edges). Rather than focusing on individual attributes, SNA reveals how the pattern of connections shapes behavior, influence, information flow, and outcomes within a system.	Structural balance theory analyzes networks whose ties carry a sign — positive for liking, alliance, or trust, negative for hostility or distrust — and asks which configurations are psychologically and socially stable. Originating in Fritz Heider's cognitive balance principle and given a graph-theoretic form by Dorwin Cartwright and Frank Harary in 1956, it predicts that signed networks evolve toward states free of the tension produced by inconsistent triads such as 'the friend of my enemy'.