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| 単盲検ランダム化比較試験× | ランダム化比較試験 (RCT)× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 実験計画法 | 実験計画法 |
| 系統≠ | Process / pipeline | Hypothesis test |
| 提唱年≠ | 1948 (formalized); single-blind variant established in mid-20th century clinical trial methodology | 1948 |
| 提唱者≠ | Bradford Hill and colleagues (MRC streptomycin trial, 1948); blinding conventions codified in CONSORT guidelines | James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948) |
| 種類≠ | Experimental design — blinded randomized trial | Interventional comparative study |
| 原典≠ | Schulz, K. F., Altman, D. G., Moher, D., & CONSORT Group. (2010). CONSORT 2010 statement: Updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomised trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ | Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332. DOI ↗ |
| 別名 | single-masked RCT, single-blind RCT, single-blind trial, SB-RCT | RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı |
| 関連≠ | 5 | 7 |
| 概要≠ | A single-blind randomized controlled trial (SB-RCT) is a rigorous experimental design in which participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control conditions while remaining unaware of which condition they have received. Investigators, outcome assessors, and data analysts are not blinded. By masking participants, the design eliminates placebo and nocebo response biases on the participant side, while preserving investigator flexibility to administer and monitor the intervention. | A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010). |
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