手法を比較

	半構造化インタビュー	現象学
分野	質的手法	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1946 (Merton & Kendall); codified as a standard method through the 1980s–1990s	Early 20th century (Husserl ~1900–1913; Heidegger ~1927)
提唱者	Robert K. Merton and Patricia Kendall (focused interview, 1946); further systematised by Steinar Kvale	Edmund Husserl (transcendental); Martin Heidegger (hermeneutic)
種類	Qualitative research method	Qualitative research approach
原典	Kvale, S., & Brinkmann, S. (2009). InterViews: Learning the Craft of Qualitative Research Interviewing (2nd ed.). Sage. ISBN: 978-0761925422	Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological Research Methods. Sage. ISBN: 978-0803957466
別名	guided interview, semi-standardized interview, focused interview, SSI	Fenomenoloji, phenomenological inquiry, phenomenological analysis
関連	6	6
概要	The semi-structured interview is a qualitative data-collection method in which the researcher prepares a set of key questions or topic areas in advance but remains free to probe, follow up, and reorder as the conversation evolves. Unlike structured interviews — which fix every question and sequence — or unstructured interviews — which are entirely open — the semi-structured format balances comparability across participants with the flexibility needed to capture the depth and nuance of individual perspectives. It is the most widely used interview format in social science, health, and education research.	Phenomenology is a qualitative research approach that investigates how participants live through and make sense of a specific experience. Rooted in the philosophy of Edmund Husserl and extended by Martin Heidegger, it aims to reveal the essential structures of lived experience rather than to measure or predict outcomes. The two most widely applied variants are Husserl's transcendental phenomenology, which seeks universal essences, and Heidegger's hermeneutic phenomenology, which emphasises interpretation within context.