手法を比較

	岩盤分類	岩石学的分析
分野	地球科学	地球科学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1974	1858
提唱者	Bieniawski and Barton	Henry Clifton Sorby
種類	engineering geology assessment pipeline	compositional characterization pipeline
原典	Bieniawski, Z. T. (1989). Engineering Rock Mass Classifications. John Wiley & Sons.	Tucker, M. E. (2003). Sedimentary Rocks in the Field: A Color Guide (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
別名	RMR system, Q-system classification, rock quality designation	microscopy analysis, thin section analysis, modal composition determination
関連	4	5
概要	Rock mass classification is the systematic assessment of rock quality and mechanical behavior in engineering geology, combining field observations of jointing, weathering, and strength into a numerical index. Pioneered by Bieniawski (RMR system, 1974) and Barton (Q-system, 1974), these methods enable rapid site assessment and guide design of excavations, dams, and slopes. Classification bridges the gap between small laboratory samples and large field-scale behavior.	Petrographic analysis is the microscopic examination of rock thin sections to determine mineral composition, grain size, texture, and diagenetic alteration. Pioneered by Sorby in 1858, this method remains the gold standard for understanding lithology and has evolved to include quantitative image analysis and cathodoluminescence. Petrographic data anchor well-log interpretation, validate seismic velocity models, and constrain paleoenvironmental and diagenetic histories.