手法を比較

	リスク調整済み症例クロスオーバーデザイン	ケースクロスオーバーデザイン
分野	疫学	疫学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1991 (base design); risk-adjustment extensions from mid-1990s onward	1991
提唱者	Malcolm Maclure (case-crossover base); extensions incorporating covariate risk adjustment developed in subsequent pharmacoepidemiology literature	Malcolm Maclure
種類	Observational analytic epidemiological design	Observational epidemiological study design
原典	Maclure, M. (1991). The case-crossover design: a method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(2), 144–153.	Maclure, M. (1991). The case-crossover design: A method for studying transient effects on the risk of acute events. American Journal of Epidemiology, 133(2), 144–153.
別名	adjusted case-crossover study, covariate-adjusted case-crossover, risk-controlled case-crossover, case-crossover with risk adjustment	case-crossover study, CCO design, self-matched case study, within-person crossover case study
関連	4	3
概要	The risk-adjusted case-crossover design is a self-matched epidemiological method that compares a person's exposure during a brief hazard window immediately preceding an acute event to their exposure during one or more control windows from the same individual, while formally accounting for time-varying or time-fixed covariates that could confound the exposure-event relationship. By using each case as their own control, stable individual-level confounders are automatically cancelled, while covariate adjustment handles residual time-varying risks.	The case-crossover design is an observational epidemiological method that estimates whether a transient exposure triggers an acute event by comparing each case's exposure during a brief hazard window immediately before the event to their own exposure during earlier control periods. Because each person serves as their own control, all stable personal characteristics are automatically adjusted for, making the design especially powerful for studying intermittent exposures and sudden-onset outcomes such as myocardial infarction, stroke, or injury.