手法を比較

	Reformer: 長いシーケンスのための効率的なTransformer	Informer	Pyraformer: 長期時系列予測のためのピラミダルアテンションTransformer
分野	深層学習	深層学習	深層学習
系統	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
提唱年	2020	2021	2022
提唱者	Nikita Kitaev, Łukasz Kaiser & Anselm Levskaya	Zhou, H. et al.	Shizhan Liu et al.
種類	Memory-efficient attention-based sequence model	Transformer (ProbSparse self-attention)	Pyramidal self-attention transformer for time-series forecasting
原典	Kitaev, N., Kaiser, Ł., & Levskaya, A. (2020). Reformer: The efficient transformer. ICLR.	Zhou, H. et al. (2021). Informer: Beyond Efficient Transformer for Long Sequence Time-Series Forecasting. AAAI.	Liu, S., Yu, H., Liao, C., Li, J., Lin, W., Liu, A. X., & Dustdar, S. (2022). Pyraformer: Low-complexity pyramidal attention for long-range time series modeling and forecasting. ICLR.
別名	Efficient Transformer, LSH Transformer, Locality-Sensitive Hashing Transformer, Verimli Dönüştürücü	Informer — Uzun Dizi Transformer Tahmini, Informer transformer, ProbSparse attention forecaster	Pyramidal Attention Transformer, Pyraformer Transformer, Piramit Dikkat Dönüştürücüsü, Low-Complexity Transformer
関連	2	5	3
概要	The Reformer is an efficient variant of the Transformer architecture introduced by Kitaev, Kaiser, and Levskaya at ICLR 2020. It addresses the prohibitive O(L²) memory and computational cost of standard self-attention for long sequences. The key innovations are locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) attention, which approximates full attention in O(L log L) time, and reversible residual layers that dramatically reduce activation memory during training.	Informer is a Transformer-based model introduced by Zhou et al. in 2021 for long-sequence time-series forecasting, using a ProbSparse self-attention mechanism that lowers the computational complexity of the standard Transformer to O(L log L). It is built for problems that demand predictions across thousands of future steps.	Pyraformer is a Transformer-based model for long-range time-series forecasting introduced by Liu et al. at ICLR 2022. Its central innovation is a Pyramidal Attention Module (PAM) that organizes tokens into a multi-resolution hierarchy, enabling the model to capture temporal dependencies across multiple scales while keeping time and memory complexity at O(L log L) rather than the quadratic cost of vanilla self-attention.