手法を比較

	プロトコルに基づくアンブレラレビュー	ネットワークメタアナリシス
分野	科学計量学	エビデンス統合
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2011-2015 (PROSPERO launched 2011; JBI umbrella review guidelines 2015)	2002
提唱者	Developed from umbrella review methodology; protocol registration practice formalized through PROSPERO (York) and JBI	Lumley (2002)
種類	Registered evidence synthesis review	Method
原典	Aromataris, E., Fernandez, R., Godfrey, C. M., Holly, C., Khalil, H., & Tungpunkom, P. (2015). Summarizing systematic reviews: methodological development, conduct and reporting of an umbrella review. JBI Evidence Implementation, 13(3), 132-140.	Lumley, T. (2002). Network meta-analysis for indirect treatment comparisons. Statistics in Medicine, 21(16), 2313–2324.
別名	pre-registered umbrella review, prospero-registered umbrella review, registered overview of reviews, protocol-driven umbrella review	Mixed Treatment Comparison, MTC, Indirect Comparison Meta-Analysis
関連	5	1
概要	A protocol-based umbrella review is an umbrella review — a synthesis of existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses on a common topic — conducted under a publicly pre-registered protocol, typically in PROSPERO or a similar registry. Pre-registering the protocol before data collection begins commits the research team to prospectively defined eligibility criteria, search strategy, appraisal tools, and synthesis methods, sharply reducing the risk of outcome reporting bias and post-hoc analytical flexibility.	Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a systematic method for comparing multiple interventions simultaneously within a single analytical framework, incorporating both direct evidence (head-to-head trials) and indirect evidence (comparisons via common comparators). First formalized by Lumley in 2002, NMA allows researchers to rank treatments and quantify comparative effectiveness even when some treatment pairs have never been directly studied.