手法を比較

	プロトコルに基づくシステマティックレビュー	スコーピングレビュー
分野	科学計量学	科学計量学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1990s–2015 (Cochrane Handbook 1st ed. 1994; PRISMA-P 2015)	2005
提唱者	Cochrane Collaboration; Moher et al. (PRISMA-P)	Hilary Arksey & Lisa O'Malley
種類	Evidence synthesis method with pre-specified protocol	Evidence synthesis review design
原典	Higgins, J. P. T., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., & Welch, V. A. (Eds.). (2023). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Version 6.4). Cochrane. Retrieved from https://training.cochrane.org/handbook	Arksey, H., & O'Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19–32.
別名	protocol-registered SLR, pre-registered systematic review, PROSPERO-registered systematic review, protocol-driven systematic review	scoping study, literature scoping, evidence mapping review, rapid evidence map
関連	5	6
概要	A protocol-based systematic literature review is a systematic review conducted according to a fully pre-specified and publicly registered research protocol. By committing the review question, eligibility criteria, search strategy, and planned analyses to a registered document before data collection begins, this approach minimises post-hoc decision-making, selective outcome reporting, and the accumulation bias that can undermine the credibility of unregistered reviews. Registration platforms such as PROSPERO and the Open Science Framework provide permanent, time-stamped records of the protocol.	A scoping review is a systematic evidence-synthesis method that maps the breadth and nature of research on a topic — identifying key concepts, evidence types, and gaps — without necessarily appraising study quality or pooling effect sizes. Developed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and refined by Levac and colleagues (2010), it is particularly valuable for emerging or heterogeneous fields where a full systematic review would be premature or infeasible.