手法を比較

	プロトコルに基づくシステマティックレビュー	PRISMAに基づくレビュー
分野	科学計量学	科学計量学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1990s–2015 (Cochrane Handbook 1st ed. 1994; PRISMA-P 2015)	2009 (original PRISMA statement); updated 2020
提唱者	Cochrane Collaboration; Moher et al. (PRISMA-P)	David Moher and PRISMA Group
種類	Evidence synthesis method with pre-specified protocol	Structured reporting framework for systematic reviews
原典	Higgins, J. P. T., Thomas, J., Chandler, J., Cumpston, M., Li, T., Page, M. J., & Welch, V. A. (Eds.). (2023). Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions (Version 6.4). Cochrane. Retrieved from https://training.cochrane.org/handbook	Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71.
別名	protocol-registered SLR, pre-registered systematic review, PROSPERO-registered systematic review, protocol-driven systematic review	PRISMA review, PRISMA-guided systematic review, PRISMA 2020 review, PRISMA-compliant review
関連	5	5
概要	A protocol-based systematic literature review is a systematic review conducted according to a fully pre-specified and publicly registered research protocol. By committing the review question, eligibility criteria, search strategy, and planned analyses to a registered document before data collection begins, this approach minimises post-hoc decision-making, selective outcome reporting, and the accumulation bias that can undermine the credibility of unregistered reviews. Registration platforms such as PROSPERO and the Open Science Framework provide permanent, time-stamped records of the protocol.	A PRISMA-based review is a systematic literature review conducted and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Originally published by Moher et al. in 2009 and updated as PRISMA 2020 by Page et al., the framework specifies a 27-item checklist and a four-phase flow diagram covering identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion — ensuring full transparency and reproducibility in the review process.