手法を比較

	比例層化抽出	単純無作為抽出法
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1953–1965 (formalized in survey sampling literature)	Early 20th century; systematized by Cochran 1953/1977
提唱者	William G. Cochran; Leslie Kish	William Gosset, Jerzy Neyman, and formalized by William Cochran
種類	Probability sampling design	Probability sampling design
原典	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
別名	proportionate stratified sampling, proportional allocation stratified sampling, PSRS, proportionate stratified random sampling	SRS, unrestricted random sampling, equal-probability sampling, EPSEM
関連	6	6
概要	Proportional stratified sampling divides the target population into non-overlapping strata (subgroups defined by a key characteristic such as age band, region, or gender) and then draws a simple random sample from each stratum so that each stratum's share of the total sample matches its share of the total population. Because each subgroup is represented in exact proportion to its population weight, the resulting sample mirrors the population structure closely without requiring post-hoc weighting adjustments.	Simple random sampling (SRS) is the foundational probability sampling method in which every unit in the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected. Because selection is governed purely by chance, SRS eliminates systematic bias, supports unbiased estimation of population parameters, and provides the statistical baseline against which all more complex probability designs are evaluated.