手法を比較

	比例単純無作為抽出法	重み付き抽出
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-20th century (formalized ~1950s–1970s)	1940s–1952 (formalized in large-scale government survey work and the Horvitz-Thompson estimator)
提唱者	William G. Cochran and survey statisticians (classical probability sampling tradition)	Morris H. Hansen, William N. Hurwitz; D. G. Horvitz and D. J. Thompson (theoretical framework)
種類	Probability sampling technique	Probability sampling design
原典	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471162407
別名	proportional SRS, probability-proportional simple random sampling, proportional random sampling	probability proportional to size sampling, PPS sampling, unequal probability sampling, importance sampling
関連	6	6
概要	Proportional simple random sampling is a probability-based sampling technique in which units are drawn at random from each subgroup of the population in numbers proportional to each subgroup's share of the total population. This ensures the resulting sample mirrors the population's composition across key subgroups, while retaining the randomness and unbiasedness of simple random sampling within each group.	Weighted sampling is a probability-based design in which units are selected with unequal probabilities proportional to a known auxiliary measure of size or importance. Sampling weights — the inverse of inclusion probabilities — are applied during analysis so that each sampled unit correctly represents the population units it stands for. The approach underpins large-scale government, health, and social surveys where simple random sampling would be inefficient.