手法を比較

	Poverty Dynamics Analysis	Multidimensional Poverty Index
分野	Development Studies	経済学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1998	2011
提唱者	Jyotsna Jalan & Martin Ravallion; Bob Baulch & John Hoddinott	Sabina Alkire & James Foster
種類	Panel-data analysis of poverty over time	Counting-based multidimensional poverty measure
原典	Jalan, J., & Ravallion, M. (1998). Transient Poverty in Postreform Rural China. Journal of Comparative Economics, 26(2), 338–357.	Alkire, S., & Foster, J. (2011). Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Public Economics, 95(7–8), 476–487.
別名	Poverty Transitions Analysis, Chronic and Transient Poverty Analysis, Poverty Spells Analysis, Poverty Mobility Analysis	MPI, Alkire-Foster Method, Adjusted Headcount Ratio, Dual-Cutoff Multidimensional Poverty
関連	4	3
概要	Poverty Dynamics Analysis uses household panel data to study how poverty changes over time for the same people, distinguishing those who are persistently poor from those who move in and out of poverty. Building on the work of Jyotsna Jalan and Martin Ravallion (1998) and the comparative synthesis of Bob Baulch and John Hoddinott (2000), it reframes poverty from a static headcount into a study of entries, exits, and spells. Its central output is a separation of total poverty into a chronic component, attributable to persistently low living standards, and a transient component, attributable to fluctuations around the poverty line over time.	The Multidimensional Poverty Index applies the Alkire-Foster method, introduced by Sabina Alkire and James Foster in 2011, to measure poverty as the joint deprivation of individuals across several dimensions such as health, education, and living standards. Its signature is a dual-cutoff identification: a person is deprived in an indicator if they fall below that indicator's cutoff, and they are counted as multidimensionally poor only if their weighted count of deprivations crosses a cross-dimensional cutoff k. The headline measure is the adjusted headcount ratio M0 = H times A, the product of the share of people who are poor (incidence) and the average breadth of their deprivations (intensity).