手法を比較

	個体群生存性分析	生態学の代謝理論
分野	生態学	生態学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1981	2004
提唱者	Mark Shaffer	James Brown
種類	extinction risk assessment	metabolic scaling theory
原典	Shaffer, M. L. (1981). Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience, 31(2), 131-134.	Brown, J. H., Gillooly, J. F., Allen, A. P., Savage, V. M., & West, G. B. (2004). Toward a metabolic basis of ecology. Ecology, 85(7), 1771-1789.
別名	PVA, extinction risk, minimum viable population, MVP	MTE, metabolic scaling, temperature-size rule, energy allocation
関連	4	4
概要	Population Viability Analysis (PVA), introduced by Shaffer (1981), estimates the probability that a population will persist over a given time period under specified conditions. PVA combines demographic models (Leslie matrices, IPMs) with stochastic simulation to project population trajectories, quantifying extinction risk. This allows conservation planners to assess whether a population will likely persist, evaluate management scenarios, and estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for long-term persistence. PVA is a decision-support tool, not a precise predictor.	The Metabolic Theory of Ecology (MTE), developed by Brown and colleagues (2004), provides a unifying framework linking individual metabolic rate to ecological patterns across levels of organization (organisms, populations, ecosystems). MTE predicts how metabolic rate scales with body size (allometry) and temperature, and uses these scaling relationships to explain patterns in life history, population growth, community structure, and ecosystem dynamics. The theory is grounded in physics: metabolic rate is constrained by supply of resources (energy and nutrients) and demand determined by biochemical kinetics.