手法を比較

	Polynomial Regression with Response Surface Analysis	Job Characteristics Model
分野	組織行動論	組織行動論
系統	Regression model	Latent structure
提唱年	1993	1976
提唱者	Jeffrey R. Edwards & Mark E. Parry	J. Richard Hackman & Greg R. Oldham
種類	Congruence-testing regression and surface-analysis method	Work-design measurement and motivation model
原典	Edwards, J. R., & Parry, M. E. (1993). On the use of polynomial regression equations as an alternative to difference scores in organizational research. Academy of Management Journal, 36(6), 1577-1613.	Hackman, J. R., & Oldham, G. R. (1976). Motivation through the design of work: Test of a theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 16(2), 250-279.
別名	Response Surface Methodology, RSA, Polynomial Regression for Congruence, Edwards Polynomial Regression	JCM, Job Diagnostic Survey, JDS, Motivating Potential Score
関連	3	3
概要	Polynomial regression with response surface analysis is the methodological gold standard for testing congruence, fit, and agreement hypotheses in organizational behavior, introduced by Jeffrey Edwards and Mark Parry in 1993. It replaces the once-common practice of subtracting two scores and regressing the outcome on that difference, a practice that conflates several distinct effects and discards information. Instead, the two component variables are entered together with their squares and cross-product, and the resulting equation is interpreted as a three-dimensional surface relating the two predictors to the outcome. Edwards and Parry showed that difference scores impose untestable and usually false constraints, and that the polynomial approach recovers the constrained model as a special case while exposing far richer patterns. Shanock and colleagues' 2010 tutorial made the method accessible by providing surface coefficients, tests, and plotting tools. The technique is now standard wherever person-environment fit and rater agreement are studied.	The Job Characteristics Model (JCM) is the foundational theory of work design in organizational behavior, developed by J. Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham in the mid-1970s. It proposes that five core job dimensions — skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback — generate three critical psychological states (experienced meaningfulness, experienced responsibility, and knowledge of results) that in turn drive internal work motivation, job satisfaction, and performance. The model is operationalized through the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS) and summarized in a single Motivating Potential Score (MPS), with growth-need strength acting as a moderator that determines how strongly enriched jobs energize a given worker. The JCM gave job-redesign efforts a measurable, testable structure and remains the reference point for research on enriched work.