手法を比較

	Political Ideology Scaling	Political Sophistication Measurement
分野	政治心理学	政治心理学
系統	Latent structure	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1985	1987
提唱者	Keith Poole & Howard Rosenthal	Robert C. Luskin & John Zaller
種類	Latent ideal-point model	Composite cognitive index
原典	Poole, K. T., & Rosenthal, H. (1985). A spatial model for legislative roll call analysis. American Journal of Political Science, 29(2), 357-384.	Zaller, J. R. (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9780521407861
別名	NOMINATE, Ideal Point Estimation, IRT Ideology Scaling, Spatial Voting Scaling	Political Awareness Index, Political Expertise Measure, Cognitive Sophistication Index
関連	4	4
概要	Political ideology scaling estimates actors' positions on one or more latent ideological dimensions from their observed choices, most often legislators' roll-call votes, but also survey responses and donations. The dominant methods are Poole and Rosenthal's NOMINATE (1985) and the Bayesian item-response-theory (IRT) approach of Clinton, Jackman and Rivers (2004), which place legislators and the proposals they vote on in a common spatial map.	Political sophistication measurement assesses the size, range, and organization of an individual's political belief system, the degree to which a person's political cognitions are numerous, wide-ranging, and well integrated. Luskin (1987) developed rigorous operationalizations, and Zaller (1992) showed that political awareness, his preferred sophistication indicator, governs how citizens receive and accept political messages.