手法を比較

	政策シナリオ・ミクロシミュレーション	マイクロシミュレーション
分野	シミュレーション	シミュレーション
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1957	1957
提唱者	Guy H. Orcutt	Guy Orcutt (concept, 1957); modern tax-transfer frameworks developed through EUROMOD and related projects
種類	Simulation — individual-level policy scenario analysis	Policy simulation / computational social science
原典	Orcutt, G. H. (1957). A new type of socio-economic system. Review of Economics and Statistics, 39(2), 116–123.	O'Donoghue, C. (Ed.) (2014). Handbook of Microsimulation Modelling. Emerald.
別名	PSM, Policy Microsimulation, Scenario-Based Microsimulation, Policy Impact Microsimulation	Mikrosimülasyon, micro-simulation, policy microsimulation
関連	5	5
概要	Policy Scenario Microsimulation applies microsimulation methods to evaluate and compare the distributional and aggregate effects of alternative policy scenarios on a synthetic population. By simulating individual-level behaviour under each policy regime, researchers can measure winners and losers, fiscal costs, and equity outcomes before real implementation.	Microsimulation is a computational method that simulates policy effects by operating directly on a population of individual micro-units — households, firms, patients — and applying rules to each unit according to its own demographic, economic, and behavioural characteristics. Developed conceptually by Guy Orcutt in 1957, it has become the standard tool for evaluating tax reform, pension systems, and health policy before implementation.