手法を比較

	パイロット加重抽出	多段抽出
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Mid-20th century (classical weighted sampling ~1934–1977; pilot study integration formalized in survey practice ~1970s–1980s)	1950s–1960s (formalized in Kish 1965 and Cochran 1977)
提唱者	Cochran, W. G.; Neyman, J.	Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran
種類	Probability sampling with differential selection probabilities in a preliminary study phase	Probability sampling design
原典	Cochran, W. G. (1977). Sampling Techniques (3rd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471162407	Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471109495
別名	pilot phase weighted sampling, weighted pilot sampling, pilot probability proportional sampling, pilot PPS sampling	multistage cluster sampling, multi-stage sampling, nested sampling, hierarchical sampling
関連	3	5
概要	Pilot weighted sampling applies weighted (unequal-probability) sampling within a small-scale preliminary study to estimate key design parameters — variance components, design effects, and optimal stratum weights — before committing resources to the full survey. By using differential inclusion probabilities in the pilot, researchers obtain more precise parameter estimates for rarer or more variable subgroups while keeping total pilot cost low. The results directly inform the weighting scheme and sample-size allocation for the main survey.	Multistage sampling is a probability-based design that selects a sample by working through two or more successive levels of a population hierarchy — for example, first selecting regions, then districts within those regions, then households within those districts. It makes large-scale surveys practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when the population is geographically dispersed, by concentrating fieldwork within a manageable number of sampled units at each stage.