手法を比較

	パイロット野外実験	ランダム化比較試験 (RCT)
分野	実験計画法	実験計画法
系統	Process / pipeline	Hypothesis test
提唱年	Mid-20th century (systematised 1960s–1990s)	1948
提唱者	Rooted in Campbell & Stanley (1966) experimental design tradition; formalised in clinical and social research through the 20th century	James Lind (early precursor, 1747); modern formulation: Austin Bradford Hill & Medical Research Council (1948)
種類	Experimental design	Interventional comparative study
原典	Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1966). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research. Rand McNally. ISBN: 978-0395307878	Schulz, K.F., Altman, D.G., Moher, D., for the CONSORT Group (2010). CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials. BMJ, 340, c332.
別名	pilot field trial, small-scale field experiment, feasibility field experiment, exploratory field experiment	RCT, randomised controlled trial, clinical trial, Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma (RCT) Tasarımı
関連	3	7
概要	A pilot field experiment is a small-scale, preliminary version of a planned full field experiment conducted in a naturalistic setting. It tests whether the intervention, randomisation procedure, measurement instruments, and logistical protocols are feasible before committing to a full-scale study. Results inform sample size calculations, refine treatment protocols, and identify procedural risks — saving resources and improving the quality of the definitive study.	A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard experimental design in clinical and health research, in which participants are randomly allocated to a treatment group or a control group so that the effect of an intervention can be measured with the highest possible degree of internal validity. The modern parallel-group RCT was formalized by Austin Bradford Hill and the Medical Research Council in their landmark streptomycin trial of 1948, and its reporting is governed today by the CONSORT 2010 guidelines (Schulz et al., 2010).