手法を比較

	岩石学的分析	地質図作成
分野	地球科学	地球科学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1858	1799
提唱者	Henry Clifton Sorby	William Smith
種類	compositional characterization pipeline	regional geological documentation pipeline
原典	Tucker, M. E. (2003). Sedimentary Rocks in the Field: A Color Guide (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.	Compton, R. R. (1962). Manual of Field Geology. John Wiley & Sons.
別名	microscopy analysis, thin section analysis, modal composition determination	field mapping, geological surveying, lithostratigraphic mapping
関連	5	4
概要	Petrographic analysis is the microscopic examination of rock thin sections to determine mineral composition, grain size, texture, and diagenetic alteration. Pioneered by Sorby in 1858, this method remains the gold standard for understanding lithology and has evolved to include quantitative image analysis and cathodoluminescence. Petrographic data anchor well-log interpretation, validate seismic velocity models, and constrain paleoenvironmental and diagenetic histories.	Geologic mapping is the systematic observation and documentation of rock types, structures, and relationships exposed on the land surface. Pioneered by William Smith in 1799, this foundational field method remains essential for understanding subsurface geology, economic geology, hazard assessment, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Modern mapping integrates field observations with satellite imagery, digital logs, and GIS technology to create comprehensive three-dimensional geological frameworks.