手法を比較

	参加型制度的民族志	参加型アクションリサーチ（PAR）
分野	質的手法	質的手法
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1990s–2000s	1940s (Lewin); PAR as distinct tradition formalised ~1970s–1980s
提唱者	Dorothy E. Smith (IE); participatory variant developed by Janet Rankin, Marie Campbell, and others in health and social sciences	Kurt Lewin (action research foundations, 1940s); systematised for participatory contexts by Orlando Fals Borda, Paulo Freire, and William Foote Whyte
種類	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
原典	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010	Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Springer.
別名	participatory IE, community-based institutional ethnography, collaborative institutional ethnography	PAR, community-based participatory research, collaborative action research, participatory inquiry
関連	6	6
概要	Participatory Institutional Ethnography (PIE) combines Dorothy Smith's institutional ethnography with participatory research principles, positioning community members or service users as co-researchers who investigate how institutional relations, ruling texts, and organizational practices shape and often constrain their everyday lives. The approach aims both to produce knowledge about institutional coordination and to generate actionable change through collaborative inquiry.	Participatory Action Research (PAR) is a qualitative, community-centred methodology in which researchers and community members collaborate as co-investigators to identify a shared problem, take deliberate action, observe outcomes, and reflect critically on results — cycling iteratively until meaningful change is achieved. Unlike conventional research that studies people from the outside, PAR treats participants as active agents who co-own the research process, the knowledge produced, and the practical interventions that follow.