手法を比較

	偏相関（Partial Correlation）	スペルマン順位相関係数
分野	統計学	統計学
系統	Hypothesis test	Hypothesis test
提唱年	1924	1904
提唱者	R. A. Fisher	Charles Spearman
種類	Parametric correlation with covariate control	Nonparametric rank-based correlation
原典	Fisher, R.A. (1924). The Distribution of the Partial Correlation Coefficient. Metron, 3, 329–332.	Spearman, C. (1904). The proof and measurement of association between two things. The American Journal of Psychology, 15, 72–101.
別名	partial r, controlled correlation, Kısmi Korelasyon (Partial Correlation)	Spearman's rho, Spearman rank-order correlation, Spearman Sıra Korelasyonu
関連	2	4
概要	Partial correlation measures the linear relationship between two continuous variables after removing the shared influence of one or more control variables. The technique was formalised by R. A. Fisher in 1924 and is the standard approach whenever a researcher suspects that a third variable inflates or suppresses the observed association between two variables of interest.	The Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a nonparametric measure of the monotonic association between two variables. Introduced by Charles Spearman in 1904, it converts raw observations to ranks and measures how consistently one variable increases as the other increases, without assuming a normal distribution or a linear relationship.