手法を比較

	オンライン逸脱事例サンプリング	オンライン目的性サンプリング
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1990s–2000s (deviant case strategy); online variant ~2000s–2010s	1990s–2000s (with growth of internet-based research)
提唱者	Patton, M. Q. (deviant case strategy); online adaptation via web-based qualitative research practice	Adaptation of purposive sampling (Patton, 1987) to online/digital research contexts
種類	Purposive qualitative sampling strategy (online variant)	Non-probability qualitative sampling
原典	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage. [Chapter 5: Purposeful Sampling, deviant/extreme case strategy, pp. 231-234] ISBN: 978-0761919711	Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761919711
別名	online extreme case sampling, internet-based deviant case sampling, online outlier sampling, web-based atypical case sampling	internet-based purposive sampling, web purposive sampling, online criterion-based sampling, digital purposive sampling
関連	5	3
概要	Online deviant case sampling is a purposive qualitative sampling strategy in which the researcher deliberately seeks out and recruits participants who represent extreme, unusual, or outlier instances of the phenomenon under study, using online channels such as forums, social media, specialist communities, or digital registries. It inherits the logic of Patton's deviant (extreme) case sampling and applies it in internet-mediated research contexts where rare or hard-to-reach atypical cases can be located more efficiently than through face-to-face methods.	Online purposive sampling applies the logic of criterion-based participant selection to digital recruitment channels — including social media platforms, online communities, email lists, and research recruitment websites. Researchers intentionally seek individuals who possess the characteristics, experiences, or expertise directly relevant to the research question, using internet-based tools to locate and screen them. The method preserves the defining feature of purposive sampling — deliberate selection based on fitness for purpose — while leveraging the reach and accessibility of online environments.