手法を比較

	オンラインクラスターサンプリング	多段抽出
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	Late 1990s–2000s (as internet surveys became prevalent)	1950s–1960s (formalized in Kish 1965 and Cochran 1977)
提唱者	Adapted from cluster sampling (Mahalanobis, Hansen & Hurwitz, 1940s) to online survey contexts	Leslie Kish; William G. Cochran
種類	Probability sampling technique	Probability sampling design
原典	Couper, M. P. (2000). Web surveys: A review of issues and approaches. Public Opinion Quarterly, 64(4), 464–494.	Kish, L. (1965). Survey Sampling. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN: 978-0471109495
別名	internet cluster sampling, web cluster sampling, digital cluster sampling	multistage cluster sampling, multi-stage sampling, nested sampling, hierarchical sampling
関連	4	5
概要	Online cluster sampling applies the classic cluster sampling logic to internet-based research: naturally occurring digital groups — such as online communities, email lists, forum memberships, or institutional user registries — serve as clusters, and selected clusters are surveyed in full or partially via web-based instruments. It offers a practical route to probability-based online samples when no complete list of individuals exists but lists of digital groups are accessible.	Multistage sampling is a probability-based design that selects a sample by working through two or more successive levels of a population hierarchy — for example, first selecting regions, then districts within those regions, then households within those districts. It makes large-scale surveys practical when a complete population list is unavailable or when the population is geographically dispersed, by concentrating fieldwork within a manageable number of sampled units at each stage.