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| Obsidian Hydration Dating× | 放射性炭素年代測定法× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野≠ | 考古学 | 地球物理学 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1960 | 1949 |
| 提唱者≠ | Irving Friedman | Willard Libby |
| 種類≠ | Hydration layer dating technique | Chronometric method based on ¹⁴C decay |
| 原典≠ | Friedman, I., & Smith, R. L. (1960). A new dating method using obsidian: Part 1, the surface rind method. Journal of Geophysical Research, 65(4), 1287-1291. link ↗ | Libby, W. F. (1949). Radiocarbon dating. University of Chicago Press. link ↗ |
| 別名 | OHD, obsidian hydration method | ¹⁴C dating, Carbon-14 dating |
| 関連≠ | 4 | 3 |
| 概要≠ | Obsidian hydration dating (OHD) is a chronometric method that determines the age of obsidian artifacts by measuring the thickness of a hydration layer formed on their exposed surfaces. Developed by Irving Friedman and Robert Smith in 1960, it is based on the principle that fresh obsidian surfaces absorb water from the surrounding environment at a measurable rate. The method is particularly valuable in archaeology for dating volcanic glass tools and other obsidian objects, especially in regions where obsidian was commonly used for cutting and scraping implements. | Radiocarbon dating is a radiometric technique that determines the age of organic materials by measuring the radioactive decay of ¹⁴C (carbon-14), a rare isotope produced in the atmosphere by cosmic ray interactions. Developed by Willard Libby in 1949, radiocarbon dating became a foundational method in archaeology, paleoclimate studies, and geology, enabling dating of organic materials from the past ~50,000 years with typical precision of ±50–100 years. |
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