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| 原子力燃料サイクル分析× | 臨界安全性解析× | |
|---|---|---|
| 分野 | 原子核物理学 | 原子核物理学 |
| 系統 | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| 提唱年≠ | 1942 | 1938 |
| 提唱者≠ | Enrico Fermi, Alvin Weinberg | Otto Hahn, Fritz Strassmann |
| 種類≠ | system-level material and energy accounting | safety assessment methodology |
| 原典≠ | International Atomic Energy Agency (2021). Nuclear Fuel Cycle Information System (NFCIS). IAEA-NDS-3/Rev.2. link ↗ | American National Standards Institute (2019). Nuclear Criticality Safety in Operations with Fissionable Material Outside Reactors. ANSI/ANS-8.1-19.40. link ↗ |
| 別名 | fuel cycle modeling, material accounting, energy lifecycle assessment | nuclear safety assessment, chain reaction analysis, fissile material control |
| 関連 | 5 | 5 |
| 概要≠ | Nuclear fuel cycle analysis is a comprehensive assessment of uranium and plutonium flows from extraction through enrichment, power generation, and waste management, originating from Fermi's controlled nuclear reaction. It quantifies resource requirements, energy balances, greenhouse gas emissions, and waste streams to evaluate nuclear energy sustainability, proliferation risk, and economic viability. | Criticality safety analysis is a systematic evaluation of fissile material systems to ensure nuclear chain reactions remain controlled, originating from Hahn and Strassmann's 1938 discovery of nuclear fission. It determines safe limits on fissile mass, concentration, geometry, and spacing using neutron transport calculations and experimental validation to prevent uncontrolled nuclear excursions in storage, processing, and transportation. |
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