手法を比較

	多層判別妥当性	確認的因子分析（CFA）
分野	心理測定学	心理測定学
系統	Latent structure	Latent structure
提唱年	2005	1969
提唱者	Dyer, Hanges, & Hall; Chen, Sousa, & West	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
種類	Validity evaluation within multilevel CFA	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
原典	Dyer, N. G., Hanges, P. J., & Hall, R. J. (2005). Applying multilevel confirmatory factor analysis techniques to the study of leadership. Leadership Quarterly, 16(1), 149–167.	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
別名	multilevel DV, cross-level discriminant validity, hierarchical discriminant validity, ML-DV	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
関連	5	4
概要	Multilevel discriminant validity evaluates whether theoretically distinct constructs are empirically separable when data are nested within higher-level units such as teams, schools, or organizations. It extends single-level discriminant validity checks into a multilevel confirmatory factor analysis framework, verifying that constructs are distinguishable both within and between levels simultaneously.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.