手法を比較

	マイクロシミュレーション	離散事象シミュレーション（DES）
分野	シミュレーション	シミュレーション
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1957	1960s (formalized); modern computational form from 1970s onward
提唱者	Guy Orcutt (concept, 1957); modern tax-transfer frameworks developed through EUROMOD and related projects	Banks, Carson, Nelson & Nicol (textbook lineage); foundational work by Tocher & Conway (1960s)
種類	Policy simulation / computational social science	Stochastic process simulation
原典	O'Donoghue, C. (Ed.) (2014). Handbook of Microsimulation Modelling. Emerald.	Banks, J., Carson, J.S., Nelson, B.L. & Nicol, D.M. (2010). Discrete-Event System Simulation (5th ed.). Pearson. ISBN: 978-0136062127
別名	Mikrosimülasyon, micro-simulation, policy microsimulation	DES, event-driven simulation, Ayrık Olay Simülasyonu (DES)
関連	5	4
概要	Microsimulation is a computational method that simulates policy effects by operating directly on a population of individual micro-units — households, firms, patients — and applying rules to each unit according to its own demographic, economic, and behavioural characteristics. Developed conceptually by Guy Orcutt in 1957, it has become the standard tool for evaluating tax reform, pension systems, and health policy before implementation.	Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) is a computational modeling paradigm in which the state of a system changes only at a countable sequence of points in time — the events. Between events nothing changes, so the simulation clock jumps directly from one event to the next. Formalized through the foundational textbooks of Banks, Carson, Nelson and Nicol and of Law in the 1960s–2000s, DES has become the standard tool for analyzing queuing systems, healthcare patient flows, manufacturing lines, and logistics networks where entities move through resources over time.