手法を比較

	Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST)	精神科評価尺度（BPRS）
分野	精神医学	精神医学
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1971	1962
提唱者	Melvin L. Selzer	John E. Overall
種類	Self-report questionnaire	Clinician-administered rating scale
原典	Selzer, M. L. (1971). The Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test: The quest for a new diagnostic instrument. American Journal of Psychiatry, 127(12), 1653–1658.	Overall, J. E., & Gorham, D. R. (1962). The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychological Reports, 10(3), 799–812.
別名	MAST, Short MAST (13-item), Rapid Alcohol Problems Screen (RAPS)	BPRS, BPRS-E (expanded 24-item version)
関連	3	3
概要	The MAST is a 25-item self-report questionnaire developed to screen for alcohol use disorder and assess alcohol-related problems in adults. First published by Selzer in 1971, it is one of the earliest and most widely used alcohol screening instruments, particularly in primary care, emergency medicine, and addiction medicine settings. The MAST identifies problematic alcohol use through items assessing alcohol consumption patterns, consequences (legal, medical, social, occupational), withdrawal symptoms, and problem recognition. Brief versions (13-item and 10-item) have been developed for rapid screening.	The BPRS is an 18-item clinician-administered scale for rapid assessment of psychiatric symptom severity in psychotic and other major psychiatric disorders. Developed by Overall and Gorham in 1962, it remains widely used in clinical settings and research trials due to its brevity (administration 15–20 minutes), broad symptom coverage (psychotic, mood, and behavioral symptoms), and robust psychometric properties. The BPRS is particularly valued in acute psychiatry, inpatient units, and longitudinal monitoring where quick, repeated assessments are needed.