手法を比較

	資材所要量計画	アグリゲート計画
分野	オペレーションズ・マネジメント	オペレーションズ・マネジメント
系統	Machine learning	Machine learning
提唱年	1975	1992
提唱者	Joseph Orlicky	Wallace, T. F.
種類	Material planning algorithm	Demand-supply planning framework
原典	Orlicky, J. (1975). Material requirements planning: The new way of life in production and inventory management. New York: McGraw-Hill.	Wallace, T. F. (1992). Sales & Operations Planning: The how-to handbook. Cincinnati: APICS Publications.
別名	MRP, MRP I	sales and operations planning, production planning
関連	5	5
概要	Material Requirements Planning (MRP) is a computerized system developed by Joseph Orlicky in the 1970s that calculates material requirements based on master production schedules and bill-of-materials data. MRP determines what materials to buy, how much to order, and when to order them to meet production demand while minimizing inventory carrying costs. It became a foundational technology for manufacturing planning and later evolved into manufacturing resource planning (MRP II) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.	Aggregate Planning (or Sales & Operations Planning, S&OP) is a collaborative, iterative process that balances demand and supply at a high level—typically grouping products into families and planning over a 3–18 month horizon. Developed formally by Tom Wallace and popularized through APICS, aggregate planning helps organizations align sales forecasts, production capacity, inventory, and workforce to meet demand efficiently while managing costs. It serves as the bridge between strategic business plans and detailed operational execution.