手法を比較

	Computational Stemma Reconstruction	Intertextuality Analysis
分野	Religious Studies	Religious Studies
系統	Machine learning	Process / pipeline
提唱年	2009	1989
提唱者	Adapted from biological phylogenetics (Howe, Robinson, O'Hara); benchmarked by Roos & Heikkilä	Richard B. Hays (echoes/allusion criteria); building on Julia Kristeva's intertextuality
種類	Algorithmic tree-inference pipeline for reconstructing manuscript genealogies	Criteria-based pipeline for detecting and interpreting scriptural allusions and echoes
原典	Roos, T., & Heikkilä, T. (2009). Evaluating methods for computer-assisted stemmatology using artificial benchmark data sets. Literary and Linguistic Computing, 24(4), 417-433.	Hays, R. B. (1989). Echoes of Scripture in the Letters of Paul. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN: 9780300044713
別名	Phylogenetic Stemmatology, Computer-Assisted Stemmatology, Algorithmic Stemma Building, Cladistic Textual Criticism	Inner-Biblical Allusion Analysis, Echoes of Scripture, Allusion and Echo Criticism, Scriptural Intertextuality
関連	4	4
概要	Computational stemma reconstruction borrows the mathematics of biological phylogenetics to rebuild the family tree of a manuscript tradition automatically from coded variant readings. Each surviving witness is treated as a taxon and each place of textual variation as a character with discrete states, exactly as a biologist treats species and the genes that vary among them. Tree-inference algorithms then search for the genealogy that best explains the observed pattern of variants, typically the tree requiring the fewest reading changes (maximum parsimony) or the most probable tree under an evolutionary model. Teemu Roos and Tuomas Heikkilä's 2009 study established how to evaluate these methods rigorously, building artificial manuscript traditions with a known true stemma and measuring how accurately each algorithm recovered it. The result is a scalable, reproducible complement to the hand-built Lachmannian stemma.	Intertextuality analysis studies how one text invokes another, and in biblical studies it focuses on the dense web of allusion and echo by which later scripture reuses earlier scripture. When Paul quotes, paraphrases, or faintly echoes Israel's scriptures, the borrowed words carry their old context into the new, enriching and sometimes reshaping the meaning. Richard B. Hays's 1989 Echoes of Scripture in the Letters of Paul made this study rigorous by proposing a set of criteria for deciding when an apparent echo is real and what it does. Drawing the term intertextuality from literary theory but giving it a controlled, text-critical application, Hays distinguished quotation, allusion, and the faintest echo, and showed how an evoked source text can transform a passage through the figure of metalepsis. The method gives disciplined criteria for a notoriously slippery interpretive judgment.