手法を比較

	縦断調査	研究ダイアリー
分野	調査方法論	調査方法論
系統	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
提唱年	1940s (panel survey tradition); longitudinal designs codified mid-20th century	1981 (methodological codification); diary use in research dates to 19th-century anthropology
提唱者	Established tradition; formalized in social science by Paul Lazarsfeld and colleagues (1940s panel studies)	Robert G. Burgess (systematic methodological treatment)
種類	Quantitative / mixed-methods survey design	Qualitative data collection and reflexivity tool
原典	Menard, S. (2002). Longitudinal Research (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. ISBN: 978-0761922292	Burgess, R. G. (1981). Keeping a research diary. Cambridge Journal of Education, 11(1), 75–83.
別名	panel survey, repeated-measures survey, longitudinal panel study, wave survey	researcher diary, field diary, research journal, reflexive diary
関連	3	6
概要	A longitudinal survey collects structured questionnaire data from the same individuals or units at two or more distinct points in time. By tracking the same respondents across waves, researchers can distinguish genuine change from stable individual differences, establish temporal ordering between variables, and model trajectories of attitudes, behaviors, or outcomes in ways that a single cross-sectional snapshot cannot support.	A research diary is a systematic, dated log maintained by the researcher throughout a study to record methodological decisions, emergent observations, analytical hunches, and reflections on researcher positionality. Unlike a participant diary, it is authored by the researcher and functions simultaneously as a data source, an audit trail, and a reflexivity instrument.